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| rn - wifly - srl - um wifly serial adapter user manual 2011 roving networks. all rights reserved. rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 version 1.0 1 1 / 11 /2011
www.rovingnetworks.com 2 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 overview the roving networks wi - fi serial adapters supply a serial - to - wi - fi bridge, providing wireless connectivity to any legacy system that supports serial communication. connected to a remote host, the adapters transfer data read or written to the serial interface to a remote appli cation such as an iphone app, data logger, or pc control console. the adapters support wi - fi infrastructures or ad hoc networking, which allows you to use existing, low - cost wireless connectivity while remotely connecting to any wifly serial adapter in the world. because apple ios devices require an additional bluetooth authorization co - processor for any and all devices connecting to the iphone, using the wi - fi serial adapter in ad hoc mode is a simple, cost - effective way to connect to iphone apps. the wifl y serial adapters are more than a cable replacement solution: by allowing tcp/ip sockets, applications can control and monitor hundreds of wi - fi serial adapters remotely distributed across a building lan or campus wan. the adapters also support other usage modes. for example, when configured in auto - connect mode, the wifly serial adapter connects to a pre - stored ip address whenever data is written to the serial port. the adapter can also be programmed to sleep automatically when idle and wake up based on a time delay, uart rx data, or cts signal state change. powering the wifly serial adapter the rn - 340 and rn - 370 serial adapters have different powering capabilities: the rn - 340 uses a dc power source, while the rn - 370 uses either batteries or a dc power sou rce. powering the rn - 340 adapter the rn - 340 adapter has a built - in voltage regulator and can be powered from a 4 to 12 v dc power source. you can also power t he rn - 340 adapter using p in 9 of a db9 connector. powering the rn - 370 adapter you can power t he r n - 370 adapter using rechargeable batteries or the external power connector . the adapter has a red button on it? top, which is a soft on / off switch . warning: do not use alkaline batteries when connecting the external power connector to the adapter ; otherwise, the alkaline batteries will leak and damage the serial adapter . turning the adapter on & off to turn the adapter on , press the red button for 1 second and then release it. t he green, yellow, red , and blue leds flash in succession. after a moment , the blue and yellow leds go off and the red and green led s remain flashing. to turn the adapter off , press the red button for 1 second and then release it. the green, yellow, red , and blue leds flas h in succession several times. then a ll leds turn off an d the device is in sleep mode. by default , the adapter automatically shuts off if it is not conn ected for more than 3 minutes (i.e., 180 seconds ) . you can control t he sleep timer duration using the set system sleep < seconds > command. use the get sys comman d to display the sleep timer s curre nt settings . www.rovingnetworks.com 3 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 batteries & charging if you wish to power the module using ac power, insert rechargeable nimh batteries into the device . when using the external power connector to charge the batteries, ensure that: you install rechargeable batteries before using the charger . do not operate the adapter using the charger without batteries or the adapter will be permanent ly damage d . you o nly use t he charger with nimh batteries (not a lkaline ) . attempting to charge a lkaline b atteries cause s battery acid to leak and destroy s the adapter (and surrounding environment) . the charge rate is low enough (< 100 ma) such that the batteries can be charged indefinitely with out harm . the c harger is a slow charger; it typically takes 10 hou rs to re - charge batteries fully from low battery. you can apply e xternal power from either the 5 - v dc plug or pin 9 on the db9 connector. the power plug is center pin positive, outer cylinder ground . the i nput must be 5 - v dc for proper battery charging. higher voltages can permanently damage the charger and battery. you can view the current battery voltage in configuration mode using the show bat command . note that with rechargeable nimh batteries the voltage remain s relatively unchanged just until they g o dead. status leds the adapters have green , red, and blue status leds (see table 1 ) . the blue led blinks when data is sent or received on the serial interface; it doe s not indicate that the data was sent over the wifi connection. if t he blue led is not flashing and your device is sending data to the serial port, you likely have a connection, incorrect baud rate, or hardware flow control (rts/cts) problem . when using switch 1 to enable ad hoc mode, after power up all leds blink in succession from green to blue. this blinking does not occur when you set up ad hoc mode through software. the re is an additional red led near the power connector that indicates external power is present at either the power plug or the db9 connector. table 1 . led indicators state green led red led blue led on solid connected over tcp fast blink no ip address or configuration mode not associated rx/tx data transfer slow blink ip address ok associated, no internet off associated, internet ok www.rovingnetworks.com 4 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 configuration switch es the adapters have small configuration switches on the top . you n eed a paper clip or small screw driver to flip them. hold ing the adapter with the db9 connector facing to the right, refer to figure 1 for the switch numbering and on/off positions . figure 1 . switches switch 1 is used for ad hoc mode and for restoring factory defaults. with this switch turned on , t he device power s up in ad hoc mode. the ad hoc network ? ssid is wifly - gsx - nn where nn is the last two digits of the adapter s mac address. to restore factory defaults, power on the device with switch 1 turned on , then toggle the switch five (5) times. if the adapter s file system has a config uration file named user , the adapter reads the data in this file as the default instead of using hardcoded defaults. if no user configuration file is present, the adapter uses the hardcoded facto ry defaults . note: you create the user configuration file with the save user command , which saves the current configuration settings. even if a user configuration file exists, you can override it s settings and restore the wifly module to the factory hardcoded defaults by a rming and toggling switch 1 seven (7) times . this bypass mechanism allows you to restore the adapter to its original settings if incorrect c onfiguration is saved into the user file. switches 2 (sensor pin 2), 3 (sensor pin 3), and 4 (sensor pin 7) are curr ently unused. 4 3 2 1 on o ! rn-370 on o! rn-340 4321 www.rovingnetworks.com 5 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 configuration the wifly module operates in two modes: data mode (default) and command mode. while in data mode, the wifly module is essentially a data pipe. when the module receives data over a wi - fi, it strips the tcp/ip headers and trailers and passes the user data to the uart. when data is written to the uart, the module constructs the tcp/ip packet and sends it out over wi - fi. thus, the entire process of sending/receiving data to the host is transparent to the end microprocessor. see figure 2 . figure 2 . data & command modes by default, the module is in data mode. sending the escape sequence $$$ causes the module to enter command mode. once in command mode, you can configure th e wifly device using simple ascii commands. to exit command mode and return to data mode, type exit www.rovingnetworks.com 6 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 configure the module using a terminal emulator to communicate with the m odule using a terminal emulator, perform the following steps: 1. determine the com port that was assigned to the usb - to - serial cable. if you do not know the com port number, you can find it using the windows device manager, which is in the system tools. in th e device manager, browse and expand the selection for ports (com & lpt). in the example shown in figure 3 , the usb serial port is com9. for os - x, if you are using cool term, you can view and select the port from within the application. 2. open your terminal emulation program. 3. specify the com port. if you are using teraterm, select serial and choose the com p ort number from the port drop - down list box. note: the default ser ial port setting for the wifly module is 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit. figure 3 . finding the com port number in windows enter command mode to enter command mode, perform the following steps in the terminal emulator: 1. type $$$ . you must type $$$ together quickly with no additional characters before or after them. the module replies with cmd to indicate it is in command mode. 2. type show net www.rovingnetworks.com 7 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 note: when a command completes , the terminal displays a prompt in the format < x.xx > where x.xx indicates the module s firmware version. in figure 4 , the versio n is 2.2 8 . figure 4 . show current network settings to issue commands to the module, you send a keyword followed by optional parameters. commands are case sensitive, and you cannot use spaces in parameters. use a $ to indicate a space, e.g., my network should be written as my$network . additionally, you can use shorthand for the parameters. for example, the following commands are equivalent: set uart baudrate 115200 set uart b 115200 set u b 15200 note: you cannot us e shorthand for command keywords. for example , s uart baudrate 115200 is illegal. the wifly module supports a variety of command keywords. the advanced user manual , which is available on the support page of the roving networks website, provides a complete command reference. for evaluation purposes, you may view the current settings using the get command; get everything shows all parameters. table 2 shows additional para meters for the set and get commands. table 2 . basic set & get parameters parameter function adhoc controls the ad hoc parameters. broadcast controls the broadcast hello/heartbeat udp message. comm communication and data transfer, matching characters. dns dns host and domain. ftp ftp host address and login information. ip ip settings. option optional and infrequently used parameters. sys system settings, such as sleep and wake timers. time realtime clock settings. uart serial port settings, such as baud rate and parity. wlan wireless interface, such as ssid, channel, and security options. www.rovingnetworks.com 8 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 wi - fi connect ions you can use the serial adapters to create a wifi connection to a variety of applications such as: remote environmental sensors linking mobile devices such as gps and light sensors automotive diagnostics industrial equipment monitoring and control you can configure the wifly serial adapter in i nfrastructure or p oint - to - point (a d hoc) n etworking setup s . with the infrastructure setup , the a dapter associates with an access point and is accessi ble from any machine on the lan. you can extend this access to anywhere on the i nternet by using dynamic dns. the infrastructure setup is useful when the adapter is making connections to a server and uploading data. in t he point - to - point setup , the adapter is connected via ad hoc mode to an iphone, smartphone, or laptop computer to download the data or control a remote device through the serial interface. infrastructu re n etwork s etup from command mode you can view available network s , associate with a network , and see status of the network connection. to find all available networks , use the scan command. if the access point you want to associate with is running in open mode (no security) you can use the join < my network > command to associate with it . if the access point is secure, you must set the pass phrase (wpa modes) or key (wep modes) prior to issuing the join command. you do not need to set the authentication mode because t he adapter determine s the security protocol automatically. to set the pass phrase for wpa modes, use the command set wlan phrase < string >. for wep modes, set the key using the set wlan key < num > command. to configure the adapter to remember the network, use the command set wlan ssid < my network > and save the ssid and p ass phrase or k ey to the configuration file using the save command. when the device next powers up , it uses the save d network information to associate with the network. the followin g commands show an example. set wlan ssid < my network > set wlan phrase < my secret code > save reboot note: for security purposes, you may wish to hide the p ass phrase or key using the set wlan hide command . to show the p ass p hrase or key, simply reset it . ad hoc s etup you can configure t he wifly s erial adapter for ad hoc network s via hardware or s oftware commands. in a d hoc mode , the adapter looks like access point with which other wifi devices can associate and open connections to the wifly serial adapter . note : c urrently the adapters only support the open mode for creating ad hoc networks. www.rovingnetworks.com 9 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 enable ad hoc mode via hardware to enable ad hoc mode via hardware , turn switch 1 on (refer back to figure 1 ) . on power up , the leds blink in sequence and an ad hoc network is created with the following settings: ssid: wifly - gsx - xx where xx is the final two bytes of the adapter s mac address channel: 1 dhcp: off ip address: 169.254.1.1 netmask: 255.255.0.0 note: when s witch 1 is turned on, the se settings override any other configuration settings. enable ad hoc mode via software to enable ad hoc mode using software configuration, enter into command mode and set the join mode, ssid , and channel as shown in the following commands: set wlan join 4 set wlan ssid < my ad hoc network > set wlan chan 1 turn off dhcp so that the module does not attempt to obtain an ip address from another source and set the ip address and netmask . because auto matic ip assignment fixes the first two bytes of the ip address , use a netmask of 255.255.0.0 so that other device s connecting to the module can be reached . y ou can also set the netmask to a smaller subnet if the other device s ip addresses be gin statically at the same subnet as the ad hoc device . set ip address 169.254.1.1 set ip netmask 255.255.0.0 set ip dhcp 0 s ave your configuration . u pon reboot ing the adapter is in ad hoc mode. to a ssociate with the wifly serial adapter from an iphone, sm art phone , or computer, o pen the dialog box or window that shows th e available networks. on the ip hone, touch the s ettings icon. for microsoft windows , go to the control panel / networking and sharing / networking and sharing center dialog box . find the name of the adapter s ad hoc network in the list of available networks and select it to associate . note : once associated with the ad hoc network ( because there probably is no active dhcp server) , the adapter automatically assigns an ip address. this process may take a few minutes to allocate an ip address for your computer . to work around it, you can assign a static ip address in the network settings > tcp/ip > properties menu . after the iphone, smartphone, or computer is associated with the ad hoc network , you can open a connection or telnet window as you would with an infrastructure mode connection . note: the adapter does not support ad hoc and infrastructure modes simultaneously. connection modes two common operational modes are initiating a connection to a server and listening for a remote host connection. th e configuration commands for these modes are shown in the following sections. the setup is described using infrastructure mode, i.e. , with an access point, however , you can perform a similar setup using ad hoc networking. www.rovingnetworks.com 10 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 initiating a c onnection from the a dapter to initiate a connection from the adapter, perform the following steps in command mode : 1. set the wlan properties so that the adapter connect s to the network automatically upon power up. the following example uses the wireless network my_network and pass phrase my_secret_code . set wlan join 1 // auto join upon power up set wlan chan 0 // scan all channels set wlan ssid my_network // set th e n etwork name set wlan phrase my_secret_code // set the p ass phrase the join 1 setting ensures that when the module wakes up, it t ries to associate with the access point that matches the stored ssid, passkey , and channel. setting the channel to 0 (the default) , force s auto - scanning. specifying the channel reduce s the time it takes the adapter to find and associate with the access point . 2. set the remote server s ip address and port so the adapter can connect to it when it wakes up. set ip host 10.20.2 0.75 // set the host ip address set ip remote 3000 // set the remote port set sys autoconn 2 // try to connect to the host every 2 seconds save // save configuration note : if autoconn is 1, the adapter only make s one attempt to auto connect. 3. set the wake up and sleep conditions. by default , the serial adapter wake s up whenever data is written to the serial interface. you can also configure the device to wake up on cts, on a pio , or timer. see the wifly advanced u ser m anual for details. in the following example, the adapter wake s up on a timer and then sleep s after 2 minutes if there is no connection , or if it is connected and no data has been transferred for 30 seconds. set sys sleep 120 // s leep after 2 minutes if no co nnection set sys trigger 2 // w ake on cts set conn idle 30 // d isconnect after 30 seconds of no data save // s ave all the settings to the config uration file reboot // u se the new settings you can test t his setup using a tcp server application th a t opens a socket on port 3000. po rt peeker is a free application that you can use to test the setup. it is available at http://www.linklogger.com/portpeeker.htm . waiting for the r emote h ost to c onnect to the a dapter ( l isten m ode) in this example , the adapter has a static ip address so that the remote host know s where the adapter is on the network. alternatively , you can write your application software to listen for the broadcast udp packet (auto matically sent by the adapter by default) to identify the adapter and obtain the ip address and tcp port number on which the adapter is listening. perform the following steps in command mode: 1. set the wlan properties so that the device connect s to the network automatically upon power up. the following example uses the wireless network my_network and pass phrase my_secret_code . set wlan join 1 // auto join on power up set wlan chan 1 // o nly look on channel 1 set wlan ssid my_network // set the n etwork name set wlan phrase my_secret_code // set the p ass phrase www.rovingnetworks.com 11 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 2. configure the adapter s static ip address so that the remote application can connect . t urn off dhcp and set the ip gateway and netmask. set ip address 10.20.20.63 // set the ip address set ip port 5030 // set the local port on which to listen set ip netmask 255.255.255.0 // set the ip netmask set ip gateway 10.20.20.1 // set the network gateway set ip dhcp 0 // turn off dhcp 3. set the wake up a nd sleep conditions. in this mode , the sleep and w ake timers are used to conserve battery power . because it is un know n when the remote host will connect, the adapter should occasionally wake up and listen for the remote host. with these timers , the battery performs better if the adap ter sleeps longer, but the remote host sees more latency when connecting. warning: do not set the sleep timer for less than 5 seconds or you will not be able to go back into command mode to reconfigure the adapter before it goes back to sleep. set sys wake 20 // wake after 20 seconds set sys sleep 10 // go to sleep after 10 seconds save // save configuration reboot // r estart using the new configuration you can now test this configuration using telnet on a computer sharing the same netwo rk as the wifly serial adapter. www.rovingnetworks.com 12 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 serial connector spe cification the wifly serial adapters have male or female db9 connectors. refer to figure 5 and table 3 for the pin - out . figure 5 . db9 connector pins table 3 . db9 connector pin - out pin wifly serial adapter male db9 wifly serial adapter female db9 1 nc nc 2 rxd txd 3 txd rxd 4 nc nc 5 gnd gnd 6 nc nc 7 rts cts 8 cts rts 9 4 12 vdc 4 12 vdc note: the rs - 232 interface us e s the sipex sp3232eca chip with capacitor switch to generate the + and signals, therefore, it is not driving the full rs - 232 voltages. devices stealing power from the rs - 232 pins may not have enough voltage. resources & related documents for more information, refer to the following sources, which are available on the support page on the roving net works website at http://www.rovingnetworks.com/support.php : rn - 171 data sheet rn - 131 data sheet advanced user manual wifly training presentation drivers, tools, and utilities 15 69 www.rovingnetworks.com 13 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 appendix a - null modem & flow control jumpers you can configure t he adapters serial interface to enable flow cont rol and null modem signaling. you access t he j umper block by removing the cover from the wifly serial adapter. figure 6 shows the jumper setting for various signals . warning: f low control signals are not rs - 232 signaling tolerant. if you enable these signals with the jumper s, do not exceed 3.3 - v dc or permanen t damage can occur. figure 6 . jumpers male db9 (default con!guration) jumper 1 < > 2, 3 < > 4 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 male db9 - null modem jumper 2 < > 4, 1 < > 3 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 female db9 (default con!guration) jumper 2 < > 4, 1 < > 3 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 female db9 - null modem jumper 1 < > 2, 3 < > 4 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 drive dsr on pin 6 of the male db9 jumper 5 < > 6 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 drive dtr on pin 4 of the male db9 jumper 7 < > 8 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 drive dcd on pin 1 of the male db9 jumper 9 < > 10 10 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 www.rovingnetworks.com 14 rn - wifly - srl - um - 1.0 roving networks, inc. 102 cooper court los gatos, ca 95032 +1 (408) 395 - 5300 www.rovingnetworks.com copyright 2011 roving networks. all rights reserved. roving networks is a registered trademark of roving networks. apple inc., iphone, ipad, itunes, made for iphone are registered trademarks of apple computer. roving networks reserves the right to make corrections, mod ifications, and other changes to its products, documentation and services at any time. customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. roving networks assumes n o liability for applications assistance or customer s product design. customers are responsible for their products and applications which use roving networks components. to minimize customer product risks, customers should provide adequate design and opera ting safeguards. roving networks products are not authorized for use in safety - critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the roving networks product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless office rs of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. |
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